Parental roles and mating system in the black- winged stilt

نویسنده

  • J. J. Cuervo
چکیده

The breeding behaviour of black-winged stilts (Himantopus himantopus) was studied in southwestern Spain. In the prelaying period males devoted more time than females to agonistic encounters, locomotion, and nest building. During egg laying, males spent more time than females at the nest, mostly building the nest and covering the eggs, while females spent more time foraging than males. During late incubation, females spent significantly more time at the nest than males. These results suggest very similar parental investment by the sexes. During part of the female’s fertile period, males stayed at the nest while females were foraging, which precluded efficient mate guarding. However, females were reluctant to engage in extra-pair copulations, being always very aggressive towards conspecifics except for their mates. Even in two cases of extra-pair copulation, the first described for this species, the female continuously attacked the intrusive male and did not cooperate in copulation. Male parental care seems to be essential for reproductive success and females are probably faithful in order to assure male parental investment. The need for parental care from both males and females would maintain social, and perhaps also genetic, monogamy in this species. Résumé : Le comportement reproducteur a été étudié chez l’échasse blanche (Himantopus himantopus) dans le sudouest de l’Espagne. Avant la ponte, les mâles consacrent plus de temps que les femelles à des rencontres agonistiques, à la locomotion et à la construction du nid. Au cours de la période de la ponte, les mâles passent plus de temps au nid que les femelles, surtout pour la construction du nid et la couvaison, tandis que les femelles passent plus de temps que les mâles à chercher la nourriture. Vers la fin de l’incubation, les femelles passent significativement plus de temps au nid que les mâles. Ces observations montrent que les investissements parentaux sont très semblables chez les deux sexes. Au cours d’une partie de la période de fertilité des femelles, les mâles restent au nid alors que les femelles vont à la recherche de nourriture; ils ne peuvent donc pas surveiller leur partenaire de façon efficace. Cependant, le femelles sont toujours très réticentes à s’accoupler avec des mâles autres que leur partenaire et elles sont toujours très agressives vis-à-vis des autres oiseaux de leur espèce, à l’exception de leur partenaire. Même dans les deux cas d’accouplement avec un mâle étranger, un phénomène signalé pour la première fois chez cette espèce, la femelle a attaqué tout le temps le mâle importun et n’a pas collaboré à l’accouplement. Les soins prodigués par le parent mâle semblent essentiels au succès reproductif et la fidélité de la femelle sert probablement à garantir l’investissement parental du mâle. La nécessité des soins parentaux combinés des mâles et des femelles doit pouvoir maintenir la monogamie sociale et peutêtre aussi la monogamie génétique chez cette espèce. [Traduit par la Rédaction] 953

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تاریخ انتشار 2003